Reference Method for Source Testing: Quantification of Carbon Dioxide Releases by Continuous Emission Monitoring Systems from Thermal Power Generation

June 2012

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Table of Contents

• Abstract
• Units, Abbreviations and Acronyms
• Glossary
• Section 1. Applicability
• Section 2. Summary of Specifications and Protocols
• Section 3. Design Specifications and Test Procedures
  • 3.1 Sample Interface and Conditioning Subsystem Specifications
    • 3.1.1 Location of the Calibration Gas Injection Port
  • 3.2 Gas Analyzer Subsystem Specifications
    • 3.2.1 Operating Range
    • 3.2.2 Interference
    • 3.2.3 Temperature-response Drifts
  • 3.3 Stack Gas Flow Monitor Subsystem Specifications
    • 3.3.1 Operating Range
  • 3.4 Stack Gas Moisture Subsystem Specifications
  • 3.5 Data Acquisition Subsystem Specifications
    • 3.5.1 Averaging Time
    • 3.5.2 Backfilling of Missing Data
    • 3.5.3 Data Quality Assessment
  • 3.6 Cycle Time Specifications for Time-shared Systems
  • 3.7 Test Procedures for Verification of Design Specifications
    • 3.7.1 Analyzer Interference
    • 3.7.2 Analyzer Temperature-response Zero and Span Drifts
    • 3.7.3 System Cycle Time
    • 3.7.4 Manufacturer's Certificate of Conformance
• Section 4. Installation Specifications
  • 4.1 Location of Sampling Site
  • 4.2 Representativeness
    • 4.2.1 Stratification Test Procedure
• Section 5. Certification Performance Specifications and Test Procedures
  • 5.1 Certification Performance Specifications
    • 5.1.1 Operational Test Period
    • 5.1.2 Calibration Drift
    • 5.1.3 System Response Time
    • 5.1.4 Relative Accuracy
    • 5.1.5 Bias
  • 5.2 Calibration Gases
  • 5.3 Certification Test Procedures
    • 5.3.1 Operational Test Period
    • 5.3.2 Calibration Drift Test Protocols
    • 5.3.3 System Response Time Test Protocols
    • 5.3.4 Relative Accuracy Test Protocols
    • 5.3.5 Bias Test Calculations
• Section 6. Quality Assurance/Quality Control Procedures
  • 6.1 Quality Assurance/Quality Control Manual
  • 6.2 Daily Performance Evaluations
    • 6.2.1 Calibration Drift
    • 6.2.2 Electronic Drift
  • 6.3 Quarterly Performance Evaluations
    • 6.3.1 Cylinder Gas Test
    • 6.3.2 Stack Gas Flow Test
  • 6.4 Semi-annual Performance Evaluations
    • 6.4.1 Relative Accuracy and Bias Tests
    • 6.4.2 Exemptions from Semi-annual Evaluations
  • 6.5 Annual Performance Evaluations
    • 6.5.1 Availability
    • 6.5.2 Independent Auditing
  • 6.6 Recertification Requirements
• Section 7. Calculations
  • 7.1 Introduction
  • 7.2 Wet Carbon Dioxide-Based Measurement Systems – Option A
  • 7.3 Dry Carbon Dioxide-Based Measurement System – Option B
  • 7.4 Wet Oxygen-Based Measurement System – Option C
    • 7.4.1 No Water Injection
    • 7.4.2 Saturated Exit Gas
  • 7.5 Dry Oxygen-Based Measurement System – Option D
  • 7.6 Stack Gas Moisture Determination
    • 7.6.1 Using a Wet O₂ Monitor with No Water Injection
    • 7.6.2 Saturated Exit Gas
    • 7.6.3 Alternative Stack Gas Moisture Monitoring Systems
  • 7.7 Ambient Air Moisture Determination
• Section 8. Record Keeping Requirements
  • 8.1 General Record Keeping
    • 8.1.1 Quality Assurance/Quality Control Manual Record Provisions
    • 8.1.2 Design, Installation and Certification Record Provisions
    • 8.1.3 Daily, Quarterly, Semi-annual and Annual Performance Evaluations Recordkeeping Provisions
    • 8.1.4 Operating Parameter Record Provisions
    • 8.1.5 CO₂ Emissions Record Provisions
    • 8.1.6 Missing Data Records
    • 8.1.7 F-factor Data Records
    • 8.1.8 Alternative Moisture Monitoring System Records
• Appendix A. F-factors
  • A.1 Introduction
  • A.2 Combined Combustion of Fuels
  • A.3 Calculation of Customized F-factors
• Appendix B. Quality Assurance/Quality Control Manual
• References
• Bibliography

Top of page

List of Tables

• Table 1 Design Specifications for CO₂ CEM Systems
• Table 2 Location of System Calibration Gas Injection Ports for Specific CEM Systems
• Table 3 Certification Performance Specifications
• Table 4 t Values
• Table 5 Daily, Quarterly, Semi-annual and Annual Performance Evaluations Summary
• Table A-1 F-factors for Selected Canadian Fuels
• Table B-1 Table of Contents for the Quality Assurance/Quality Control Manual

List of Figures

• Figure 1 Summary of Specifications and Protocols for CEM Systems